HUMANISM’ MORAL RELATIVISM IN REZA BRAHENI'S POEM

Abstract

Man and his powers in the world have always been at the center of thinkers' thinking; hence, several schools of thought have emerged in the path of realizing his right. One of these humanist thought is the school of humanism, which its date backs to ancient times. This school, in turn, has been able to define man in the modern Western world, what it is, its authority and its freedom. The negation of absolutism in human affairs, the honoring of man by giving originality to reason and wisdom, and his freedom of action in recognizing moral goodness and ugliness, have been the focus of this school. The different view of Western humanism on man has reinforced the belief that it is only man's freedom that can give a special quality to his life, and this is not derived from any externally dictated moral principles. In this descriptive-analytical study, the relativistic and humanistic view of contemporary Iranian poets on ethics is examined by emphasis on the works of Reza Braheni. The results show that in the field of modernist moral thought of humanism school, Braheni by emphasizing human rights violated the ruling power of the time, believes in the relativity of human affairs, including morality, and introduces man as the highest manifestation of moral judgment. Braheni by avoiding a transcendental and absolute view of morality seems to see it as evolving and relative, knowing that in a society plagued by traditional ills, passing the way would be difficult.