PHILOSOPHY, BRAIN AND THE PICTURE OF THE WORLD

Abstract

The article aims at showing the significance and role of philosophy in the system of private sciences. The argumentation for defining philosophy as a “science of sciences” is presented. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of philosophy as a science from the point of view of functional characteristics and functional asymmetry of the work of the cerebral hemispheres in the process of thinking and cognition of the world by man. The principle is that in the implementation of any mental function, to one degree or another, both hemispheres of the brain are involved. We are talking about the predominance of one or another hemisphere in the process of cognition, analysis and information processing. A brief overview of the current state of brain science is given, concerning the problem under consideration. Methods for studying the functional asymmetry of the cerebral hemispheres, in particular, electrical, chemical and magnetic resonance are specially considered. The characteristics of these methods are given. The functional features of both hemispheres of the brain are analyzed in the process of information processing, in the logic of problem solving, in the perception of written and oral speech, in the perception of pictures and visual images. The role of the right and left hemispheres in private scientific disciplines, in philosophy and art is shown. Particular attention is paid to exactly how a holistic picture of the world is formed and the thesis is substantiated that of all sciences, it is in philosophy that the most effective organization of the work of both hemispheres of the brain is represented.