LEXICAL EIDOS FUNCTIONING AT THE LEVEL OF A POLYSEMANTIC WORD

Abstract

The article demonstrates feasibility of phenomenological analysis based on natural language with the use of the term “lexical eidos”. The presentation of the results of the analysis of multi-meaning word “tree” is predicated on the method of phenomenological reduction to determine their lexical eidos. As follows from the analysis, the attributes of an emotional-sensual nature have been “taken off the table” and the reduction to pure abstraction has been carried out. In comparison with the traditional eidetic analysis, the proposed phenomenological analysis for the definition of lexical eidos is carried out with reference to all the meanings of the lexeme. This provides us with the knowledge of not only what is one meaning in its pure form, but also allows to get the eidetic (pure) formula of the whole word. It is seen that within the limits of the horizon of transcendental experience it is possible to determine polysemous diversity of a word. The logical approach allows us to identify universal features in the semantics of natural languages, to expose the fundamental principles of the formation of linguistic meanings, to reveal the community of facts that seemed to be isolated.